multigene family การใช้

• Carboxylesterase 3 is a member of a large multigene family.
• "' Superfamilies "'are much larger than single multigene families.
• The rearrangement and reorganization of gene segments in this multigene family is more complex.
• Genes are then duplicated to form multigene families which duplicate to form superfamilies spanning multiple chromosomes.
• Gap junction channels consist of connexin protein subunits, which are encoded by a multigene family.
• Some multigene families are extremely homogenous, with individual genes members sharing identical or almost identical sequences.
• Unlike the light chain multigene family, VDJ gene segments code for the variable region of the heavy chain.
• An expansion of several multigene families occurred in this fungus, suggesting that adaptation to symbiosis proceeded by gene duplication.
• Superfamilies contain up to hundreds of genes, including multiple multigene families as well as single, individual gene members.
• The intracellular fatty acid-binding proteins ( FABPs ) belong to a multigene family with nearly twenty identified members.
• The multigene families that encode the toxins of venomous animals are actively selected on, creating more diverse toxins with specific functions.
• By contrast, " Laccaria bicolor " possesses expanded multigene families associated with hydrolysis of bacterial and microfauna polysaccharides and proteins.
• Depending on the diversity and functions of the genes within the family, families can be classified as a multigene families or superfamilies.
• "' Fibulin "'( FY-beau-lin ) ( now known as Fibulin-1 FBLN1 ) is the prototypic member of a multigene family, currently with seven members.
• In the formation of gene families, four levels of duplication exist : 1 ) exon duplication and shuffling, 2 ) entire gene duplication, 3 ) multigene family duplication, and 4 ) whole genome duplication.
• Once toxins have been recruited into the venom proteome, they form large, multigene families and evolve via the birth-and-death model of protein evolution, which leads to a diversification of toxins that allows the ambush predators the ability to attack a wide range of prey.
• Two of the major allergens in the pollen of short ragweed ( " Ambrosia artemisiifolia " ) are Amb a I and Amb a II . The primary structure of Amb a II has been deduced and has been shown to share ~ 65 % sequence identity with the Amb a I multigene family of allergens.